Poulin R. Evolutionary ecology of parasites. Princeton: Princeton University Press; 2011.
Book
Google Scholar
Sheldon BC, Verhulst S. Ecological immunology: costly parasite defences and trade-offs in evolutionary ecology. Trends Ecol Evol. 1996;11:317–21.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schmid-Hempel P. Evolutionary parasitology: the integrated study of infections, immunology, ecology, and genetics. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2011.
Google Scholar
Hamilton WD. Sex versus non-sex versus parasite. Oikos. 1980;35:282–90.
Article
Google Scholar
Daly EW, Johnson PT. Beyond immunity: quantifying the effects of host anti-parasite behavior on parasite transmission. Oecologia. 2011;165:1043–50.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Råberg L, Sim D, Read AF. Disentangling genetic variation for resistance and tolerance to infectious diseases in animals. Science. 2007;318:812–4.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bulet P, Stöcklin R, Menin L. Anti-microbial peptides: from invertebrates to vertebrates. Immunol Rev. 2004;198:169–84.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pedersen AB, Fenton A. Emphasizing the ecology in parasite community ecology. Trends Ecol Evol. 2007;22:133–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rigaud T, Perrot-Minnot MJ, Brown MJ. Parasite and host assemblages: embracing the reality will improve our knowledge of parasite transmission and virulence. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci. 2010;277:3693–702.
Article
Google Scholar
Ebert D, Weisser WW. Optimal killing for obligate killers: the evolution of life histories and virulence of semelparous parasites. Proc R Soc B Biol Sci. 1997;264:985–91.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Krasnov BR, Burdelova NV, Khokhlova IS, Shenbrot GI, Degen A. Larval interspecific competition in two flea species parasitic on the same rodent host. Ecol Entomol. 2005;30:146–55.
Article
Google Scholar
Read CP. The “crowding effect” in tapeworm infections. J Parasitol. 1951;37:174–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pollock NB, Gawne E, Taylor EN. Effects of temperature on feeding duration, success, and efficiency of larval western black-legged ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) on western fence lizards. Exp Appl Acarol. 2015;67:299–307.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Moyer BR, Drown DM, Clayton DH. Low humidity reduces ectoparasite pressure: implications for host life history evolution. Oikos. 2002;97:223–8.
Article
Google Scholar
Spoecker PD. Ectoparasites of a Mojave desert population of the lizard Uta stansburiana stejnegeri Schmidt. Am Midl Nat. 1967;77:539–42.
Article
Google Scholar
Tälleklint-Eisen L, Eisen RJ. Abundance of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting the western fence lizard, Sceloporus occidentalis, in relation to environmental factors. Exp Appl Acarol. 1999;23:731–40.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Harvell CD, Mitchell CE, Ward JR, Altizer S, Dobson AP, Ostfeld RS, Samuel MD. Climate warming and disease risks for terrestrial and marine biota. Science. 2002;296:2158–62.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gillespie TR, Chapman CA. Forest fragmentation, the decline of an endangered primate, and changes in host–parasite interactions relative to an unfragmented forest. Am J Primatol. 2008;70:222–30.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Amo L, López P, Martí J. Nature-based tourism as a form of predation risk affects body condition and health state of Podarcis muralis lizards. Biol Conserv. 2006;131:402–9.
Article
Google Scholar
Pafilis P, Anastasiou I, Sagonas K, Valakos ED. Grazing by goats on islands affects the populations of an endemic Mediterranean lizard. J Zool. 2013;290:255–64.
Article
Google Scholar
Pettigrew M, Bull CM. The impact of heavy grazing on burrow choice in the pygmy bluetongue lizard, Tiliqua adelaidensis. Wildlife Res. 2011;38:299–306.
Article
Google Scholar
Gottdenker NL, Streicker DG, Faust CL, Carroll CR. Anthropogenic land use change and infectious diseases: a review of the evidence. EcoHealth. 2014;11:619–32.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Brooks DR, Hoberg EP. How will global climate change affect parasite-host assemblages? Trends Parasitol. 2007;23:571–4.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gray JS, Dautel H, Estrada-Pena A, Kahl O, Lindgren E. Effects of climate change on ticks and tick-borne diseases in Europe. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2009;2009:593232.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cooper JE, Jackson OF. Diseases of the Reptilia. London: Academic Press; 1981.
Google Scholar
Sorci G, Fraipont MD, Clobert J. Host density and ectoparasite avoidance in the common lizard (Lacerta vivipara). Oecologia. 1997;111:183–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sorci G, Clobert J. Effects of maternal parasite load on offspring life-history traits in the common lizard (Lacerta vivipara). J Evol Biol. 1995;8:711–23.
Article
Google Scholar
Sorci G, Massot M, Clobert J. Maternal parasite load increases sprint speed and philopatry in female offspring of the common lizard. Am Nat. 1994;144:153–64.
Article
Google Scholar
Zippel K, Powell R, Parmerlee J, Monks S, Lathrop A, Smith D. The distribution of larval Eutrombicula alfreddugesi (Acari: Trombiculidae) infesting Anolis lizards (Lacertilia: Polychrotidae) from different habitats on Hispaniola. Caribb J Sci. 1996;32:43–9.
Google Scholar
Eisen R, Wright N. Landscape features associated with infection by a malaria parasite (Plasmodium mexicanum) and the importance of multiple scale studies. Parasitology. 2001;122:507–13.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
García-ramírez A, Delgado-garcía JD, Foronda-rodríguez P, Abreu-acosta N. Haematozoans, mites and body condition in the oceanic island lizard Gallotia atlantica (Peters and Doria, 1882) (Reptilia: Lacertidae). J Nat Hist. 2005;39:1299–305.
Article
Google Scholar
Casher L, Lane R, Barrett R, Eisen L. Relative importance of lizards and mammals as hosts for ixodid ticks in northern California. Exp Appl Acarol. 2002;26:127–43.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chilton NB, Bull CM. A comparison of the off-host survival times of larvae and nymphs of two species of reptile ticks. Int J Parasitol. 1993;23:693–6.
Article
Google Scholar
Altizer S, Dobson A, Hosseini P, Hudson P, Pascual M, Rohani P. Seasonality and the dynamics of infectious diseases. Ecol Lett. 2006;9:467–84.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jones AR, Bull CM, Brook BW, Wells K, Pollock KH, Fordham DA. Tick exposure and extreme climate events impact survival and threaten the persistence of a long-lived lizard. J Anim Ecol. 2016;85:598–610.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Klein SL. The effects of hormones on sex differences in infection: from genes to behavior. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2000;24:627–38.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Salvador A, Veiga JP, Martin J, Lopez P, Abelenda M, Puertac M. The cost of producing a sexual signal: testosterone increases the susceptibility of male lizards to ectoparasitic infestation. Behav Ecol. 1996;7:145–50.
Article
Google Scholar
Bauwens D, Strijbosch H, Stumpel AHP. The lizards Lacerta agilis and L. vivipara as hosts to larvae and nymphs of the tick Ixodes ricinus. Holarctic Ecol. 1983;6:32–40.
Google Scholar
Folstad I, Karter AJ. Parasites, bright males, and the immunocompetence handicap. Am Nat. 1992;139:603–22.
Article
Google Scholar
Bacelar FS, White A, Boots M. Life history and mating systems select for male biased parasitism mediated through natural selection and ecological feedbacks. J Theor Biol. 2011;269:131–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Silk MJ, Weber NL, Steward LC, Hodgson DJ, Boots M, Croft DP, Delahay RJ, McDonald RA. Contact networks structured by sex underpin sex-specific epidemiology of infection. Ecol Lett. 2018;21:309–18.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Le Galliard J-F, Fitze PS, Ferrière R, Clobert J. Sex ratio bias, male aggression, and population collapse in lizards. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2005;102:18231–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
McCurdy DG, Shutler D, Mullie A, Forbes MR. Sex-biased parasitism of avian hosts: relations to blood parasite taxon and mating system. Oikos. 1998;82:303–12.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Fuxjager MJ, Foufopoulos J, Diaz-Uriarte R, Marler CA. Functionally opposing effects of testosterone on two different types of parasite: implications for the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis. Funct Ecol. 2011;25:132–8.
Article
Google Scholar
Oppliger A, Clobert J. Reduced tail regeneration in the common lizard, Lacerta vivipara, parasitized by blood parasites. Funct Ecol. 1997;11:652–5.
Article
Google Scholar
Meylan S, Richard M, Bauer S, Haussy C, Miles D. Costs of mounting an immune response during pregnancy in a lizard. Physiol Biochem Zool. 2012;86:127–36.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Andrews RH, Petney TN. Competition for sites of attachment to hosts in three parapatric species of reptile tick. Oecologia. 1981;51:227–32.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Heredia VJ, Vicente N, Robles C, Halloy M. Mites in the Neotropical lizard Liolaemus pacha (Iguania: Liolaemidae): relation to body size, sex and season. S Am J Herpetol. 2014;9:14–9.
Article
Google Scholar
Pilorge T. Density, size structure, and reproductive characteristics of three populations of Lacerta vivipara (Sauria Lacertidae). Herpetologica. 1987;43:345–56.
Google Scholar
Bannert B, Karaca H, Wohltmann A. Life cycle and parasitic interaction of the lizard-parasitizing mite Ophionyssus galloticolus (Acari: Gamasida: Macronyssidae), with remarks about the evolutionary consequences of parasitism in mites. Exp Appl Acarol. 2000;24:597–613.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Medlock JM, Hansford KM, Bormane A, Derdakova M, Estrada-Peña A, George J-C, Golovljova I, Jaenson TG, Jensen J-K, Jensen PM. Driving forces for changes in geographical distribution of Ixodes ricinus ticks in Europe. Parasite Vector. 2013;6:1.
Article
Google Scholar
Capinera JL. Encyclopedia of entomology. Berlin: Springer; 2008.
Book
Google Scholar
Gray JS. The development and seasonal activity of the tick Ixodes ricinus: a vector of Lyme borreliosis. Rev Med Vet Entomol. 1991;79:323–33.
Google Scholar
Cévennes—Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cévennes#/media/File:MC_cevenes.jpg. Accessed 22 June 2016.
Rutschmann A, Miles DB, Galliard L, Richard M, Moulherat S, Sinervo B, Clobert J. Climate and habitat interact to shape the thermal reaction norms of breeding phenology across lizard populations. J Anim Ecol. 2016;85:457–66.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Revelle WR. psych: Procedures for personality and psychological research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA. URL https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=psych. Version = 1.7.8. 2017.
Jackson DA. Stopping rules in principal components analysis: a comparison of heuristical and statistical approaches. Ecology. 1993;74:2204–14.
Article
Google Scholar
Dalrymple ML, Hudson IL, Ford RPK. Finite mixture, zero-inflated Poisson and hurdle models with application to SIDS. Comput Stat Data Anal. 2003;41:491–504.
Article
Google Scholar
Crawley M. The R book. New York: Wiley; 2007.
Book
Google Scholar
Fox J, Weisberg S. An R companion to applied regression. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage; 2011.
Google Scholar
Zuur AF, Ieno EN, Elphick CS. A protocol for data exploration to avoid common statistical problems. Methods Ecol Evol. 2010;1:3–14.
Article
Google Scholar
Barton K. MuMIn: multi-model inference. R package version 1. 40. 4. 2018.
Burnham KP, Anderson DR. Model selection and multimodel inference: a practical information-theoretic approach. New York: Springer; 2002.
Google Scholar
Bolker BM, Brooks ME, Clark CJ, Geange SW, Poulsen JR, Stevens MH, White JS. Generalized linear mixed models: a practical guide for ecology and evolution. Trends Ecol Evol. 2009;24:127–35.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Lefcheck JS. piecewiseSEM: piecewise structural equation modelling in R for ecology, evolution, and systematics. Methods Ecol Evol. 2016;7:573–9.
Article
Google Scholar
Shipley B. The AIC model selection method applied to path analytic models compared using a d-separation test. Ecology. 2013;94:560–4.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shipley B. Confirmatory path analysis in a generalized multilevel context. Ecology. 2009;90:363–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar