Differences between urban and rural hedges in England revealed by a citizen science project

BMC Ecology

Table 5 F statistics and p values from the ANOVAs to examine for urban-rural differences, the effects of adjacent hard surface, and their interaction on three scores and two measures of wildlife richness

		Hedge structure score		Wildlife food score		Animal diversity score		Number of invertebrate groups		Number of woody species
	df₁	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P
Urban/Rural (UR)	1	21.33	<0.001	14.96	<0.001	0.47	0.491	0.97	0.324	0.25	0.618
Hard surfaces (H)	2	16.04	<0.001	8.57	<0.001	19.47	<0.001	10.06	<0.001	8.04	<0.001
UR*H	2	1.31	0.269	1.85	0.158	7.19	0.001	0.76	0.469	2.26	0.104

Numerator degrees of freedom as shown (df₁), denominator d.f. ranged from 2691 to 2885

ISSN: 1472-6785