The 2nd International Conference on Water Resource and Environment (WRE 2016)

Table of contents 01 The eco-toxicological effects of cadmium stress on five ornamental plants Zhouli Liu, Wei Chen, Xingyuan He, Shuai Yu, Weihang Ding 02 Study on the formation and release mechanisms of hydrogen sulfide in Longtan coal mine Jianjun Liu, Yuliang Wu, Kaixiang Fan 03 Coral bleaching in the North Reef of China’s Xisha Islands in 2014 Yuanchao Li, Xinqing Zheng, Shiquan Chen, Haiqun Xie 04 Soil chemical characteristics in a Cunninghamia lanceolata stand suffering from ice-snow damage Jie Li, Zhuomin Wang, Li Xue 05 Diversity of understory vegetation was under a Cunninghamia lanceolata stand suffering from ice-snow damage Zhiyang Lie, Weilong Huang, Tongtong Zhou, Li Xue 06 The effect of water, nitrogen and harvesting time on yield and biomass allocation of Helianthus tuberosus L. Kai Gao, Tiexia Zhu 07 The vertical variation of microbial communities in the sediment of sea cucumber pond Weiteng Mao, Pei Yu, Xinfang Lv, Yunchun Li 08 Indicating significances of alpine plant functional groups to environmental change Peixi Su, Rui Shi 09 Research on the daily CH4 fluxes of soil in summer mangrove community at Yingluogang of Guangxi, China Yong Jiang, Xingbin Chen, Shichu liang 10 Beach protection structures in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River Junfeng Xu 11 Social responsibility management of large dam project with owner as core: an empirical case in China Jiwei Zhu, Zhao Zhai, Linan Zhou, Yun Le, Li Cao 12 The ecological function value assessment analysis of urban waterfront Jiwei Zhu, Ping Lu, Zhiqian Huang, Bei Zhou 13 Mechanism of diurnal osmotic potential changes and adjustment of three Caragana species in different habitats of the Inner Mongolia Plateau Zhirong Zheng, Shihai Lv, Chaoyang Feng 14 Biodiversity of phytoplankton and environmental influences analysis of Longfeng Wetland, China Nan Song, Yan Liu, Xinxin Lu, Yawen Fan 15 The effect of human activities on culturable soil microbes from Yaoquan Mountain in Wudalianchi, China Jianfei Guan, Jihua Wang, Xueping Zhang

In order to reveal the formation and release mechanisms of hydrogen sulfide(H 2 S) in Longtan coal mine, and provide theoretical guidance for safety production, based on the geochemistry theory and series experiments of H 2 S release, some important mechanism and laws were investigated. H 2 S in coal seam of Longtan mine was formed by the dissimilatory reduction of sulfate reducting bacteria to sulfate. The proportion of abiogenic gas is very small in coal mass, but during the coal mining process, H 2 S will be released because of the coal mass being broken and turned over; most H 2 S exists in the formation water. When coal mining causes mine water pouring out, the water flow disturbance will induce H 2 S dissolved in water releasing. The experiment results showed that with the water flow disturbance severity H 2 S release rate increases. The release rate in water flow upstream is bigger than that of downstream. When the water flows to a certain distance, no H 2 S releases from the water. Water pH value and temperature have some influence on the H 2 S release, the lower the pH value, the higher the temperature, the more hydrogen sulfide is easy to escape from the water. The North Reef (NR) is located in China's Xisha Islands in the Western Pacific, which contained successful coral reefs with a mean coverage that reached above 70 % before 2013 because there was little anthropogenic disturbance. However, an investigation in October 2014 showed that large-scale coral bleaching had occurred on the flat and that the bleaching rate exceeded 90 %. The bleached corals were primarily Acropora formosa. Some of the bleached branches had been overgrown with microalgae and became yellow, indicating that the corals had bleached and died several months prior, and cannot recover, even if the sea surface temperature (SST) declines below 30 °C. However, coral bleaching was not observed in the slope of the NR, found in deeper waters. We speculate that the large-scale coral bleaching in the NR flat was predominantly triggered by elevations in SST. According to data from the Space Science and Engineering Center, the SST from June to September 2014 was above 30 °C, which could easily cause coral to bleach, and hermatypic corals, especially Acropora, to do so when SSTs exceed this threshold. The NOAA also found that the degree-heating weeks (DHW) reached 4 °C-weeks in June 2014 and continued to rise, remaining above 8 °C-weeks from July to September 2014. It peaked in September 2014 at 12 °C-weeks. If the NR corals continue to be affected by high temperatures in 2015, as predicted by NOAA, the reef ecosystem will be further stressed, and large-scale coral mortality will be inevitable in the NR. Studies on soil chemical characteristics were conducted in a Cunninghamia lanceolata stand suffering from ice-snow damage in the north of Guangdong province from 2008 to 2011. The results showed that the pH of the upper soil layer (0-20 cm) and lower soil layer (20-40 cm) decreased with increasing time. The organic matter content of the upper soil layer increased significantly and then decreased very significantly, whereas that of lower layer decreased significantly. The change tendency of total N content was similar to the organic matter. Total P content of the two soil layers increased significantly, and then decreased very significantly. Total K of the two soil layers decreased with increasing time. Contents of Alkahi-hydrolyzable N, available P, available K of the upper soil layer were greater than those of the lower layer in each year. Urease activity of the upper soil layer decreased, whereas that of lower layer decreased, and then increased. Activities of phosphatase and catalase decreased and then increased. With the study on the effect of nitrogen fertilization (five fertilization levels), irrigation (including irrigation and without irrigation) and harvesting time (including September 25 and October 10) on height, biomass and the role of mater allocation of Helianthus tuberosus L.

Diversity of understory vegetation was under a Cunninghamia lanceolata stand suffering from ice-snow damage
in north-eastern Inner Mongolia, China, the results showed that the height and yield of H. tuberosus L. were significantly improved by irrigation and nitrogen fertilization + irrigation (p < 0.05). Nitrogen fertilizer significantly influence height and yield during irrigation and achieved higher yield during addition of nitrogen (25-50 kg ha −1 ) (p < 0.01). On the contrary, it was not significantly influenced without irrigation. Helianthus tuberosus L. was early harvested when it was used for forage, and it was lately harvested when it was used for bio-ethanol and inulin; The root/shoot ratio and tuber mass ratio were significantly improved under fertilizer, water and nitrogen fertilizer + water condition (p < 0.05); The leaf mass ratio was remarkably improved under nitrogen fertilizer, water and nitrogen fertilizer + water condition during nutritional growth, and it did not indicate significant difference after nutritional growth; The growth, the yield, the water use efficiency and the yield of tuber were enhanced by the application of nitrogen fertilizer and water, and the using value for energy was improved by nitrogen fertilization and irrigation. The sediment of aquaculture pond has important influence on the water quality and the health of sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicas Selenka). We collected the sediment in a sea cucumber pond which is located in Rongcheng and divided it into 9 samples named from L1 (0-3 cm) to L9 (24-27 cm). The environmental factors of all samples have been measured, with the 16SrDNA sequencing by the illumina miseq to detect the microbial communities in the samples L1, L2, L6 and L9. The sediment has the characteristics of high-organic-matter, high-nitrogen, high-sulfur and low-phosphate. The dominant bacteria are the phylum proteobacteria, acidobacteria, bacteroidetes, chloroflexi, planctomycetes, gemmatimonadetes and nitrospirae. The content of bacteroidetes tends to decrease with the increase of sediment depth, while the contents of chloroflexi, gemmatimonadetes and nitrospirae show the opposite tendency. PCA analysis and SPSS correlation analysis show that the microbial communities are mainly affected by phosphorus and salinity. The abundant sequences of probiotics were detected in our study such as photosynthetic bacteria (PSB), nitrifying bacteria, bacillus and bdellovibrio. Our study takes a new look at the sterilization in the aquaculture of sea cucumber and provides theoretical guidance for the exploitation and application of probiotics.
groups: tree, shrub, grass, sedge, weed and aquatic species. Based on Raunkiaer's classification system, which classifies plant adaptation into harsh and cold environments, the alpine plants were divided into five groups: phanerophytes, chamaephytes, hemicryptophytes, geophytes, and therophytes. Hemicryptophytes and geophytes accounted for 66 % of the total alpine plant species on the Zoige Plateau, of which perennial herbaceous plant species take 89 % of the total number of herbaceous plant species. In alpine plant community regressive succession with water environment deteriorating, from wetland, swampy meadow, wet meadow, dry meadow, to degraded meadow phase, hygrophytes were replaced by mesophytes and xeromesophytes. Over time increasingly abundant dominant grass species displaced dominant sedge species with less abundance. Dicotyledonous weed plants were dominant in highly degraded meadow, and increased in abundance during succession. Succession tended to move from alpine meadow to alpine shrubby meadow. Mangrove ecosystems are known sources for methane (CH 4 ) having very high global warming potential on global change. In order to better understand CH 4 , dynamics will affect global change in wetland system. We have quantified the daily CH 4 fluxes for various species within mangrove wetland communities (Kandelia candel, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, Rhizophora stylosa and Aegiceras corniculata communities) in southwest China. Additionally, we evaluated the influence of different environmental factors (air temperature, soil temperature, soil pH and salinity) on daily CH 4 fluxes. According to the measurements from a portable automated flux system, the mean fluxes of the daily CH 4 were the lowest in B. gymnorhiza community, the higher in Aegiceras corniculatum and A. corniculata community, and the highest in the K. candel community. Variation in fluxes of the daily CH 4 was mainly determined by soil pH among the four communities in the summer. Daily CH 4 fluxes were positively related to soil pH in R. stylosa community and negatively related to soil pH in A. corniculata community; however, pH was uncorrelated with CH 4 fluxes in either K. candel or B. gymnorhiza communities. We draw conclusion that significant differences in daily CH 4 fluxes are linked to soil pH in several mangrove wetland communities.
Acknowledgements: This work was supported by fund for key research project of natural science foundation of Guangxi (2012 GXNS-FEA 053001). Lots of beach protection measures have been taken in the middle and lower Yangtze River, such as fish-born dikes, soft mattresses, mesh pads and tetrahedron-like penetrating frames. These structures of beach protection can realize basic functions. But for the ecological protection of the river, there is a certain distance. The existing river ecological engineering researches mainly include the ecological environmental protection building materials and vegetation beach protection technology. Based on the practical effect, the commonly used traditional building material has a higher maintenance cost, which does not have the ecological function and poor landscape effect. Through the model test, the most easily damaged parts and the main failure reasons of these structures and measures to prevent damage and relevant restoration measures are also analyzed in the paper. The effect of a new kind of beach protection structure applied in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River is analyzed and the adaptability of this new structure is concluded. It serves as reference for similar projects. As major infrastructure project, the large dam project (LDP) has functions such as flood control, power generation, irrigation, water supply and so on. LDP could lead to a series of ecological and social effects due to the potential inundation, resettlement, and change of hydrological regime. How to reduce its negative effects and ensure public interests is the key issue to promote LDP management and sustainable development. The owner as an investor is the core role to undertake the society responsibility of LDP. Based on the analysis of relationship among various stakeholders, we propose a management framework of social responsibility of large dam project (LDP-SR), which includes three dimensions: responsibility, organization and project life-cycle. We also establish the evaluation index system of LDP-SR for the owner by adopting corporate social responsibility (CSR). Taking the Three Gorges Project in China as an example, the social responsibility performance is evaluated by using the AHP-MF model. The research findings contribute to knowledge of stakeholder management of LDP-SR and provide a solution for the owner of LDP to fulfill social responsibility and promote sustainable development.

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The ecological function value assessment analysis of urban waterfront Jiwei Zhu 1 , Ping Lu 1 , Zhiqian Huang 2 , Bei Zhou 1 1 and entertainment. Urban waterfront ecological function value has an important position in the urban economic and social development and ecological construction. Only when reasonable development and protection of the urban waterfront ecological environment can the effective utilization of resources be achieved and sustainable development of urban economy be ensured.