Skip to main content

Table 4 Summary of the dispersed species assemblages by animal vector

From: Endozoochorous dispersal by herbivores and omnivores is mediated by germination conditions

 

Brown bear

Wild boar

Roe deer

Red deer

G

N

G

N

G

N

G

N

Sample size (spring, summer, autumn)

64 (10, 11, 43)

149 (25,73,51)

50 (9, 20, 21)

182 (46, 71, 65)

Mean weight of faeces (± SD)

202.81 ± 128.55

87.79 ± 49.85

5.67 ± 2.21

60.84 ± 19.09

Total number of seedlings dispersed

268

153

1301

78

120

13

1053

90

Total number of species dispersed

33

16

69

22

24

8

79

22

Chao2 estimator of species dispersed (± SD)

43.7 ± 7.5

26.5 ± 10.1

107.0 ± 19.1

46.8 ± 24.0

28.6 ± 4.9

12 ± 4.7

115.1 ± 16.7

26.5 ± 4.2

Total number of genera dispersed

29

14

55

19

23

7

59

18

Total number of families dispersed

19

7

25

11

15

6

23

10

Top six plant taxa, in terms of total seedling abundance in faeces

Berberis sp.

Berberis sp.

Urtica dioica

Cerasus sp.

Portulaca oleracea

Convolvulus arvensis

Blitum virgatum

Polygonum lapathifolium

Rubus sp.

Cerasus sp.

Cyperus fuscus

Sorbus torminalis

Sonchus oleraceous

Stellaria media

Polygonum lapathifolium

Poa masenderana

Crataegus sp.

Rubus sp.

Phleum paniculatum

Veronica beccabunga

Convolvulus arvensis

Poa nemoralis

Cyperus fuscus

Berberis sp.

Cerasus sp.

Sorbus torminalis

Aegilops tauschii

Poa masenderana

Echinochloa crus-galli

Cornus sanguinea

Portulaca oleracea

Stellaria media

Lonicera sp.

Rhamnus pallasii

Amaranthus blitoides

Rumex sanguineus

Apetiolata

Melilotus albus

Urtica dioica

Dysphania botrys

Rhamnus pallasii

Prunus divaricata

Blitum virgatum

Berberis sp.

Phleum paniculatum

Poa masenderana

Amaranthus blitoides

Clinopodium umbrosum

  1. G, greenhouse conditions; N, natural conditions. Sample size was similar for greenhouse and natural conditions