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Table 1 Multivariate analysis of the effect of the plant biomass (three level of plant biomass) on overall performance of grasshoppers

From: Plant composition changes in a small-scale community have a large effect on the performance of an economically important grassland pest

 

Df

Pillai

Approx. F

den Df

Pr (> F)

Significance

Total model

 Sk

1

0.366

7.21

25

0.00338

**

 Lc

1

0.459

10.60

25

0.00046

***

 Af

1

0.560

15.92

25

3.48E−05

***

 Residuals

26

     
 

Df

Sum Sq

Mean Sq

F value

Pr (> F)

Significance

PC1

 Sk

1

3.34

3.34

2.679

0.114

 

 Lc

1

3.54

3.54

2.8409

0.104

 

 Af

1

34.56

34.56

27.7

1.68E−05

***

 Residuals

26

32.43

1.25

   

PC2

 Sk

1

7.65

7.65

10.02

0.00393

**

 Lc

1

16.23

16.23

21.25

9.41E−05

***

 Af

1

1.42

1.42

1.85

0.185

 

 Residuals

26

19.86

0.764

   
  1. PC1, PC2 indicate the first and second principal components of grasshopper performance variables
  2. Sk: S. krylovii; Lc: L. chinensis; Af: A. frigida
  3. Statistical significance: ‘***’, 0.001; ‘**’, 0.01; ‘*’, 0.05; ‘.’, 0.1; ‘ ’, 1