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Table 5 Percentage of feeding time devoted to different food items and bamboo species by Bale monkeys, bamboo lemurs and other bamboo-eating primates

From: Dietary flexibility of Bale monkeys (Chlorocebus djamdjamensis) in southern Ethiopia: effects of habitat degradation and life in fragments

Species

Study length (month)

YL

ML

SH

GRB

TL

ST

FL

FR

S

TF

AP

OS

Bamboo

No. of species

Habitat

Site, Country

Reference

Chlorocebus djamdjamensis (CA)

12

60.7

0,5

19.7

0.7

81.7

0.9

6.0

7.5

0.0

7.5

2.4

1.6

79.4b

12

Montane bamboo forest, CF

Odobullu, Ethiopia

This study

C. djamdjamensis (CB)

12

67.3

0.4

17.6

0.6

86.0

1.7

4.5

5.4

0.0

5.4

1.5

0.9

83.1b

8

Montane bamboo forest, CF

Odobullu, Ethiopia

This study

C. djamdjamensis (PF)

12

37.7

0.0

14.3

7.8

59.2

7.2

1.0

21.6

6.1

27.2

3.3

1.6

30.2b

47

Fragmented forest, FF

Kokosa, Ethiopia

This study

C. djamdjamensis (HF)

12

17.1

0.1

0.3

17.7

35.2

18.5

2.6

21.0

0.5

21.5

13.7

8.63

1.6b

35

Fragmented montane forest FF

Afursa, Ethiopia

This study

C. djamdjamensis

8

79.3

1.1

1.5

0.9

82.8

1.4

3.1

9.6

–

9.6

2.3

0.9

76.7b

11

Montane bamboo forest, CF

Odobullu, Ethiopia

Mekonnen et al. [54]

Cercopithecus mitis kandti a

8

44.0

0.1

–

0.0

44.1

3.4

14.8

22.5

–

22.5

14.3

1.1

52.4b

16

Montane bamboo forest

Mgahinga, Uganda

Twinomugisha et al. [100]

Hapalemur aureus

24

–

–

–

0.0

91

–

–

4

–

4

–

5

78c

≥21

Submontane rain forest

Ranomafana, Madagascar

Tan [26]

H. griseus

13

0.3

6.3

89.1

0.0

95.7

–

0.4

1.2

–

1.2

–

2.7

89.1c

12

Domain forest

Ranomafana, Madagascar

Overdorff et al. [108]

H. griseus

24

–

–

–

–

92

–

–

5

–

5

–

3

72c

≥ 24

Submontane rain forest

Ranomafana, Madagascar

Tan [26]

H. meridionalis (n = 3)

12

8.8

0.0

0.0

34.3

43.1

23.9

12.8

18.6

0.0

18.6

 

1.6

0.0

72

Fragmented littoral forest

Mandena, Madagascar

Eppley et al. [45]

Prolemur simus

24

–

–

–

–

98

–

–

0.5

–

0.5

–

1.5

95c

7

Submontane rain forest

Ranomafana, Madagascar

Tan [26]

Macaca assamensis

12

75.5

1.8

–

0.0

77.3

–

1.3

20.1

0.1

20.2

–

1.3

71.2d

78

Limestone seasonal rain forest

Nonggang, China

Huang et al. [96]

M. assamensis

12

74.1

3.3

–

0.0

77.4

–

2.7

17.4

–

17.4

–

2.5

48.7d

69

Limestone seasonal rain forest

Nonggang, China

Zhou et al. [68]

  1. YL young leaves, ML mature leaves, SH shoots, GRB grass blades, TL total leaves, ST stems, PT petioles, FL flowers, FR fruits, S seeds, TF total fruits, AP animal prey, OS other
  2. aFrom Table 1 in Twinomugisha et al. [100], we took the average of the values for groups G and N during Time 1 (January–September 1998) and then averaged that value with the value for Time 2 (January–August 2003)
  3. b Arundinaria alpina
  4. c Cathariostachys madagascariensis
  5. d Several bamboo species
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BMC Ecology

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