Foraging dispersion of Ryukyu flying-foxes and relationships with fig abundance in East-Asian subtropical island forests

Table 3 Mean (± SE) fruit volume (mm³), dry mass (dm, g), water mass (wm, g), water content (wc, %), ripe color, and seed numbers in mature fresh fruits and ejecta pellets analyzed for monoecious¹ vs. dioecious² figs from three subgenera

Species		Volume	DM	WM	WC	Ripe color	Seed #	Seed prop.
Sycidium (Sect. Palaeomorphe)
F. virgata ²	Fruit (2/17)	694.08 ± 43.50	0.25 ± 0.09	0.65 ± 0.11	0.75 ± 0.03	Dark purple	136.50 ± 9.32
	Pellet (2/10)		0.18 ± 0.02	0.31 ± 0.12	0.59 ± 0.12		54.25 ± 9.04	39.7
Sycomorus (Sect. Sycocarpus)
F. bengue ²	Fruit (3/15)	3445.35 ± 291.04**	1.02 ± 0.09**	3.08 ± 0.18**	0.75 ± 0.02	Dark green	1182.50 ± 65.97**
	Pellet (3/14)		0.56 ± 0.07	1.1 ± 0.16	0.63 ± 0.05		183.40 ± 29.37	15.5
F. septica ²	Fruit (16/106)	5368.62 ± 213.26**	1.46 ± 0.06**	4.92 ± 0.17**	0.78 ± 0.01	Yellow-green	1129.39 ± 98.72**
	Pellet (16/258)		0.48 ± 0.02	1.08 ± 0.05	0.60 ± 0.02		92.91 ± 6.05	8.2
Sycomorus (Sect. Neomorphe)
F. variegata ²	Fruit (13/141)	8004.55 ± 281.16**	1.47 ± 0.05**	7.13 ± 0.23**	0.83 ± 0.003*	Yellow-green	1681.76 ± 49.58**
	Pellet (13/247)		0.52 ± 0.02	1.69 ± 0.08	0.71 ± 0.01		93.42 ± 8.59	5.5
Urostigma (Sect. Urostigma/Sect. Conosycea)
F. superba ¹	Fruit (2/16)	786.58 ± 43.89	0.16 ± 0.02	1.06 ± 0.16	0.86 ± 0.02*	Red-purple	99.06 ± 8.37
	Pellet (2/19)		0.11 ± 0.02	0.39 ± 0.05	0.74 ± 0.05		69.13 ± 10.39	69.8
F. microcarpa ¹	Fruit (2/12)	849.86 ± 128.34	0.22 ± 0.01	0.54 ± 0.10	0.75 ± 0.03	Red-purple	34.92 ± 4.95
	Pellet (2/10)		0.09 ± 0.01	0.15 ± 0.02	0.58 ± 0.04		–	–

Sample sizes (tree/fruit) are in parenthesis. Proportions of mean seed numbers remaining in pellets relative to that in fig fruits were estimated. Species associated with a value with asterisks indicates a significantly greater value for fresh mature fruit than that of other species without asterisks under the same variable
–, proportion was not estimated for F. microcapra because bats while feeding on F. microcarpa often culled multiple fruits in mouth, which resulted in pellets that might comprise remains of uncertain number of actual fig fruits
*p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01

ISSN: 1472-6785