Fig. 1From: Seasonal rainfall at long-term migratory staging sites is associated with altered carry-over effects in a Palearctic-African migratory birdFeather collection, blood sampling, and associated measures of condition for great reed warblers captured in Zambia. We tested whether the presence and strength of carry-over effects varied depending on habitat conditions. δ 15N, δ 13C, and CORTf were analysed in flight feathers moulted during staging to assess staging habitat quality, and δ 2H was added for use in a triple-isotope cluster analysis to estimate staging locations. Body condition at the Zambian winter site was assessed using plasma metabolites in blood, scaled mass index, and CORTf from contour  feathers grown at this siteBack to article page