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Table 4 The percentage of urban and rural hedges containing the 24 recorded invertebrate groups

From: Differences between urban and rural hedges in England revealed by a citizen science project

 

Urban

Rural

χ2

P

Aphid

20.4

22.7

2.03

0.155

Ant

33.4

25.0

24.29

<0.001

Blowfly

9.2

13.1

10.33

0.001

Bee

13.4

13.3

0.01

0.912

Butterfly

10.4

10.1

0.08

0.779

Caterpillar

11.8

15.7

8.82

0.003

Centipede

6.7

5.6

1.52

0.218

Cranefly

7.1

8.6

2.14

0.143

Earwig

15.7

11.6

10.07

0.002

Froghopper

7.6

9.4

2.94

0.086

Harvestman

11.1

13.5

3.85

0.050

Hoverfly

9.8

9.9

0.01

0.936

Lacewing

4.8

4.6

0.08

0.773

Ladybird

23.2

23.4

0.02

0.889

Millipede

6.3

7.2

0.92

0.337

Moth

8.4

10.2

2.00

0.157

Other beetles

16.6

21.0

8.71

0.003

Shieldbug

9.1

6.3

7.83

0.005

Slug

12.5

11.6

0.47

0.492

Snail

25.2

25.9

0.18

0.675

Spider

54.5

58.8

5.17

0.023

Wasp

14.2

13.0

0.83

0.363

Weevil

6.3

9.5

9.72

0.002

Woodlouse

23.7

21.0

3.03

0.82

Mean number of invertebrate groups

3.61

3.71

−0.66a

0.513

Mean hedge structure score

23.1

24.4

−10.29a

<0.001

Mean wildlife food score

21.6

25.5

−7.16a

<0.001

Mean animal diversity score

17.6

19.1

−2.72a

0.007

  1. Significance is tested by Chi squared contingency tables, except mean number of groups, and mean scores tested by independent samples t test
  2. a t statistic