From: Differences between urban and rural hedges in England revealed by a citizen science project
 | Urban | Rural | χ2 | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
Aphid | 20.4 | 22.7 | 2.03 | 0.155 |
Ant | 33.4 | 25.0 | 24.29 | <0.001 |
Blowfly | 9.2 | 13.1 | 10.33 | 0.001 |
Bee | 13.4 | 13.3 | 0.01 | 0.912 |
Butterfly | 10.4 | 10.1 | 0.08 | 0.779 |
Caterpillar | 11.8 | 15.7 | 8.82 | 0.003 |
Centipede | 6.7 | 5.6 | 1.52 | 0.218 |
Cranefly | 7.1 | 8.6 | 2.14 | 0.143 |
Earwig | 15.7 | 11.6 | 10.07 | 0.002 |
Froghopper | 7.6 | 9.4 | 2.94 | 0.086 |
Harvestman | 11.1 | 13.5 | 3.85 | 0.050 |
Hoverfly | 9.8 | 9.9 | 0.01 | 0.936 |
Lacewing | 4.8 | 4.6 | 0.08 | 0.773 |
Ladybird | 23.2 | 23.4 | 0.02 | 0.889 |
Millipede | 6.3 | 7.2 | 0.92 | 0.337 |
Moth | 8.4 | 10.2 | 2.00 | 0.157 |
Other beetles | 16.6 | 21.0 | 8.71 | 0.003 |
Shieldbug | 9.1 | 6.3 | 7.83 | 0.005 |
Slug | 12.5 | 11.6 | 0.47 | 0.492 |
Snail | 25.2 | 25.9 | 0.18 | 0.675 |
Spider | 54.5 | 58.8 | 5.17 | 0.023 |
Wasp | 14.2 | 13.0 | 0.83 | 0.363 |
Weevil | 6.3 | 9.5 | 9.72 | 0.002 |
Woodlouse | 23.7 | 21.0 | 3.03 | 0.82 |
Mean number of invertebrate groups | 3.61 | 3.71 | −0.66a | 0.513 |
Mean hedge structure score | 23.1 | 24.4 | −10.29a | <0.001 |
Mean wildlife food score | 21.6 | 25.5 | −7.16a | <0.001 |
Mean animal diversity score | 17.6 | 19.1 | −2.72a | 0.007 |