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Table 1 Black bear scat summary results for 2010, 2011, and 2012

From: Novel species interactions: American black bears respond to Pacific herring spawn

Taxa/group

Common name

FO

FV

2010

2011

2012

2010

2011

2012

Phaeophyta

Brown algae

48.6

53.1

95.7

2.9

12.6

38.6

 Macrocystis integrifolia

Giant kelp

2.9

32.1

72.3

0.6

8.6

25.0

 Egregia menziesii

Feather boa kelp

46.8

5.8

 Fucus spp.

Rockweed

17.1

18.5

46.8

tr.

0.6

1.8

 Other Laminariales

Kelps

45.7

39.5

66.0

1.9

3.4

6.1

Chlorophyta

Green algae

2.9

21.0

10.6

tr.

0.7

tr.

Rhodophyta

Red algae

21.0

42.6

0.5

0.6

Arthropoda

Invertebrates

74.3

39.5

44.7

25.1

7.8

5.5

 Insecta

Insects

1.23

tr.

  Coleoptera

Beetles

31.4

7.4

19.1

tr.

tr.

tr.

  Diptera

Flies

2.5

2.1

tr.

tr.

  Formicidae

Ants

2.9

tr.

 Decapoda

Crabs

1.2

tr.

  Hemigrapsus spp.

Shore crabs

8.6

2.5

tr.

tr.

 Talitridae

Amphipods

65.7

35.8

51.1

24.5

7.8

5.4

 Cirripedia

Barnacles

2.9

tr.

  Lepas spp.

Pelagic gooseneck barnacles

2.9

tr.

Mollusca

Molluscs

5.7

8.6

8.5

tr.

tr.

tr.

  Other Mollusca

 

5.7

4.9

6.4

tr.

tr.

tr.

  Bivalvia

Clams and oysters

1.2

2.1

tr.

tr.

  Gastropoda

Snails

3.7

tr.

Bryozoa

Marine bryozoans

1.2

tr.

Chordata

Animals

5.7

21.0

34.0

tr.

tr.

1.1

 Clupea pallasii

Pacific herring eggs

12.3

34.0

tr.

1.1

 Ursus americanus

Black bear hair

5.7

4.9

2.1

tr.

tr.

tr.

 Aves

Feathers

3.7

tr.

Streptophyta

Land plants

100

100

100

70.1

75.0

51.4

 Zosteraceae

Seagrasses

48.5

58.0

97.9

9.8

18.7

39.5

 Graminoids

Grasses and sedges

94.3

63.0

25.5

56.9

50.0

5.9

 Trees and shrubs

Needles and wood

77.1

70.3

97.9

1.4

5.4

4.9

 Bryophyta

Mosses

2.9

11.1

2.1

tr.

tr.

tr.

 Forbs

 

2.9

3.7

2.0

1.0

1.1

Gravel

 

40.0

48.1

70.2

1.8

2.7

2.7

Garbage

 

8.6

4.9

4.3

tr.

tr.

tr.

Taxa/group

Common name

EDC

EDEC

2010

2011

2012

2010

2011

2012

Phaeophyta

Brown algae

1.3

8.6

13.2

1.8

9.1

10.3

 Macrocystis integrifolia

Giant kelp

tr.

5.3

8.4

tr.

5.7

6.6

 Egregia menziesii

Feather boa kelp

1.9

1.5

 Fucus spp.

Rockweed

tr.

0.6

tr.

tr.

 Other Laminariales

Kelps

1.0

2.1

2.0

1.4

2.2

1.6

Chlorophyta

Green algae

tr.

0.5

Rhodophyta

Red algae

tr.

tr.

tr.

tr.

Arthropoda

Invertebrates

61.7

22.2

8.4

68.4

19.5

5.4

 Insecta

Insects

tr.

tr.

  Coleoptera

Beetles

tr.

tr.

tr.

0.6

tr.

tr.

  Diptera

Flies

tr.

tr.

tr.

tr.

  Formicidae

Ants

tr.

tr.

 Decapoda

Crabs

tr.

tr.

  Hemigrapsus spp.

Shore crabs

0.7

tr.

0.9

tr.

 Talitridae

Amphipods

60.2

22.1

8.3

66.6

19.3

5.4

 Cirripedia

Barnacles

tr.

tr.

  Lepas spp.

Pelagic gooseneck barnacles

tr.

tr.

Mollusca

Molluscs

      

  Other Mollusca

       

  Bivalvia

Clams and oysters

      

  Gastropoda

Snails

      

Bryozoa

Marine bryozoans

      

Chordata

Animals

25.8

62.7

39.2

70.0

 Clupea pallasii

Pacific herring eggs

25.8

62.7

39.2

70.0

 Ursus americanus

Black bear hair

      

 Aves

Feathers

      

Streptophyta

Land plants

36.9

43.2

15.6

28.8

31.7

14.0

 Zosteraceae

Seagrasses

5.3

11.6

13.3

9.1

15.8

13.3

 Graminoids

Grasses and sedges

30.5

31.0

2.0

19.7

15.9

0.7

 Trees and shrubs

Needles and wood

      

 Bryophyta

Mosses

      

 Forbs

 

1.2

0.7

tr.

1.0

tr.

tr.

Gravel

       

Garbage

       
  1. Reported values represent percent frequency of occurrence (FO), percent faecal volume (FV), percent estimated dietary content (EDC) and percent estimated dietary energy content (EDEC) of dietary items in black bear scats collected in Quatsino Sound, British Columbia in 2010 (n = 35, 7 sites), 2011 (n = 81, 11 sites) and 2012 (n = 47, 11 sites). Items constituting <0.5% are indicated with trace (tr.). Italics text indicates cumulative values for the taxonomic group shown. EDC and EDEC values were not calculated for molluscs, bryozoans, black bear hair, feathers, needles and wood, mosses, gravel or garbage (see “Methods”).