From: Commonness and ecology, but not bigger brains, predict urban living in birds
City | Surroundings | Body mass | Brain mass |
---|---|---|---|
Livorno, Italy (N = 20 species) |  |  |  |
City centre | <0.0001 | 0.50* | 0.21 |
Suburbs | <0.0001 | 0.73* | 0.24 |
Pisa, Italy (N = 20 species) |  |  |  |
City centre | < 0.0001 | 0.70* | 0.67 |
Suburbs | < 0.0001 | 0.86* | 0.26 |
Madrid, Spain (N = 46 species) |  |  |  |
City centre | 0.42 | 0.30 | 0.28 |
Suburbs | 0.003 | 0.60 | 0.51 |
Other urban areas | 0.016 | 0.56 | 0.46 |
Angers, France (N = 43 species) |  |  |  |
City centre | < 0.0001 | 0.34 | 0.81 |
Suburbs | < 0.0001 | 0.27 | 0.22 |
Rennes, France (N = 33 species) |  |  |  |
City centre | < 0.0001 | 0.50 | 0.55 |
Suburbs | < 0.0001 | 0.79 | 0.83 |
Heinola, Finland (N = 48 species) |  |  |  |
City centre | 0.0005 | 0.48 | 0.63 |
Suburbs | < 0.0001 | 0.54 | 0.72 |
Other urban areas | < 0.0001 | 0.35 | 0.21 |