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Table 1 Mean values and standard deviations for variables describing soil properties, plant densities, and extent of elephant utilization in Mopane woodlands of northern Botswana.

From: The role of soil factors and leaf protein in the utilization of mopane plants by elephants in northern Botswana

 

Mean

Std

pH

6.6481

0.23

Nitrogen (kg/acre)

27.18

19.26

Phosphorus (kg/acre)

40.27

23.15

Potassium (kg/acre)

133.51

36.28

Silt (%)

8.82

4.52

Clay (%)

3.67

0.91

Shrub (No/100 m2)

12.26

9.98

Tree (No/100 m2)

0.60

0.44

New elephant damage

  

(No of utilized mopane shrubs /100 m2)

1.40

0.93

Old elephant damage

  

(No of utilized mopane shrubs /100 m2)

14.71

6.83

Protein in leaves (%)

11.45

0.93