|
Acoustic parameter
|
Effect of hunger treatment a
| |
Variance components (in %)
|
|---|
| | | |
Estimate
|
p-value
| |
Hunger
|
ID
|
Nest
|
Residual
|
|---|
| |
Duration (ms)
| |
-4.17 ± 1.23
|
< 0.001
| |
2.2
|
37.8
|
20.9
|
39.2
|
| |
Amplitude (dB)
|
mean
|
2.98 ± 0.26
|
< 0.001
| |
11.8
|
30.4
|
17.9
|
39.8
|
| |
Amplitude modulation (1/ms)
|
variance
|
(-0.02 ± 0.08) x10-3
|
0.753
| |
0.2
|
21.4
|
11.0
|
67.4
|
| |
Frequency (Hz)
|
mean
|
-239.59 ± 36.87
|
< 0.001
| |
3.9
|
31.5
|
19.2
|
45.4
|
|
Part 1
|
Frequency modulation
|
mean
|
0.03 ± 0.34
|
0.926
| |
0.4
|
43.7
|
20.9
|
35.0
|
| |
Frequency modulation
|
variance
|
12.57 ± 5.19
|
0.016
| |
0.3
|
35.7
|
12.7
|
51.3
|
| |
Entropy
|
(log) mean
|
0.19 ± 0.03
|
< 0.001
| |
3.6
|
22.8
|
37.4
|
36.2
|
| |
Entropy
|
variance
|
(-0.36 ± 10.85) x10-3
|
0.974
| |
0.7
|
26.3
|
7.6
|
65.4
|
| |
Pitch (Hz)
|
mean
|
-289.59 ± 44.52
|
< 0.001
| |
3.8
|
38.1
|
0.0
|
58.0
|
| |
Pitch goodness
|
mean
|
24.33 ± 3.24
|
< 0.001
| |
5.2
|
31.6
|
12.5
|
50.8
|
| |
Duration (ms)
| |
15.85 ± 0.94
|
< 0.001
| |
18.5
|
50.9
|
4.6
|
26.0
|
| |
Amplitude (dB)
|
mean
|
4.58 ± 0.26
|
< 0.001
| |
24.2
|
28.8
|
17.7
|
29.4
|
| |
Amplitude modulation (1/ms)
|
(log) variance
|
(-0.27 ± 0.06) x10-3
|
< 0.001
| |
2.3
|
9.5
|
7.4
|
80.7
|
| |
Frequency (Hz)
|
mean
|
-32.08 ± 37.33
|
0.391
| |
0.3
|
32.7
|
7.6
|
59.4
|
|
Part 2
|
Frequency modulation
|
mean
|
1.39 ± 0.32
|
< 0.001
| |
1.1
|
50.6
|
9.6
|
38.7
|
| |
Frequency modulation
|
variance
|
11.94 ± 6.00
|
0.047
| |
0.6
|
18.5
|
9.2
|
71.7
|
| |
Entropy
|
(log) mean
|
0.26 ± 0.03
|
< 0.001
| |
6.2
|
26.6
|
21.2
|
46.0
|
| |
Entropy
|
variance
|
(-1.43 ± 0.94) x10-2
|
0.128
| |
0.0
|
31.6
|
1.4
|
66.9
|
| |
Pitch (Hz)
|
mean
|
-135.20 ± 48.15
|
0.005
| |
0.4
|
42.0
|
1.5
|
56.2
|
| |
Pitch goodness
|
mean
|
38.60 ± 3.82
|
< 0.001
| |
7.5
|
17.8
|
30.0
|
44.8
|
- The effect of the hunger treatment on acoustic parameters and their variance components according to the differences in time stages of the experimental treatment (Hunger), identity (ID), origin (Nest) and unexplained variance (Residual), separately calculated for both parts of the begging call. Note that variance components for ID of mean amplitude might be overestimated since the measure was not standardized across individuals.
- a Estimates for the effect of hunger are given in change per hour. Number of dF = 294 for all tests. We used 1539 calls from 46 individuals and 27 nests for all tests. Bold typing indicates results that remain significant after correction for multiple testing (a = 0.0025, Bonferroni).
