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Table 1 Effect of hunger on identity in acoustic parameters.

From: The effect of hunger on the acoustic individuality in begging calls of a colonially breeding weaver bird

Acoustic parameter

Effect of hunger treatment a

 

Variance components (in %)

   

Estimate

p-value

 

Hunger

ID

Nest

Residual

 

Duration (ms)

 

-4.17 ± 1.23

< 0.001

 

2.2

37.8

20.9

39.2

 

Amplitude (dB)

mean

2.98 ± 0.26

< 0.001

 

11.8

30.4

17.9

39.8

 

Amplitude modulation (1/ms)

variance

(-0.02 ± 0.08) x10-3

0.753

 

0.2

21.4

11.0

67.4

 

Frequency (Hz)

mean

-239.59 ± 36.87

< 0.001

 

3.9

31.5

19.2

45.4

Part 1

Frequency modulation

mean

0.03 ± 0.34

0.926

 

0.4

43.7

20.9

35.0

 

Frequency modulation

variance

12.57 ± 5.19

0.016

 

0.3

35.7

12.7

51.3

 

Entropy

(log) mean

0.19 ± 0.03

< 0.001

 

3.6

22.8

37.4

36.2

 

Entropy

variance

(-0.36 ± 10.85) x10-3

0.974

 

0.7

26.3

7.6

65.4

 

Pitch (Hz)

mean

-289.59 ± 44.52

< 0.001

 

3.8

38.1

0.0

58.0

 

Pitch goodness

mean

24.33 ± 3.24

< 0.001

 

5.2

31.6

12.5

50.8

 

Duration (ms)

 

15.85 ± 0.94

< 0.001

 

18.5

50.9

4.6

26.0

 

Amplitude (dB)

mean

4.58 ± 0.26

< 0.001

 

24.2

28.8

17.7

29.4

 

Amplitude modulation (1/ms)

(log) variance

(-0.27 ± 0.06) x10-3

< 0.001

 

2.3

9.5

7.4

80.7

 

Frequency (Hz)

mean

-32.08 ± 37.33

0.391

 

0.3

32.7

7.6

59.4

Part 2

Frequency modulation

mean

1.39 ± 0.32

< 0.001

 

1.1

50.6

9.6

38.7

 

Frequency modulation

variance

11.94 ± 6.00

0.047

 

0.6

18.5

9.2

71.7

 

Entropy

(log) mean

0.26 ± 0.03

< 0.001

 

6.2

26.6

21.2

46.0

 

Entropy

variance

(-1.43 ± 0.94) x10-2

0.128

 

0.0

31.6

1.4

66.9

 

Pitch (Hz)

mean

-135.20 ± 48.15

0.005

 

0.4

42.0

1.5

56.2

 

Pitch goodness

mean

38.60 ± 3.82

< 0.001

 

7.5

17.8

30.0

44.8

  1. The effect of the hunger treatment on acoustic parameters and their variance components according to the differences in time stages of the experimental treatment (Hunger), identity (ID), origin (Nest) and unexplained variance (Residual), separately calculated for both parts of the begging call. Note that variance components for ID of mean amplitude might be overestimated since the measure was not standardized across individuals.
  2. a Estimates for the effect of hunger are given in change per hour. Number of dF = 294 for all tests. We used 1539 calls from 46 individuals and 27 nests for all tests. Bold typing indicates results that remain significant after correction for multiple testing (a = 0.0025, Bonferroni).