Table 1 Co-occurrences or spatial segregation of mosquito potential competitor species as larvae, Parque Estadual da Ilha do Cardoso, 2009-2010

An. bellator - Cx. imitator

bromeliad (Figure 3b,c)

8.75 (3.47, 22.04)^a

< 0.001

Co-occurrence at micro-habitat scale (e.g., bromeliad)

Gilbert et al. [10], Yee et al. [20] and Marques et al. [31]

Specializing feeding behavior within a given larval container

Wy. muehlensi - Wy. quasilongirostris

bromeliad (Figure 3c,e)

0.15 (0.06, 0.37)^b

< 0.001

Co-occurrence at habitat scale (e.g., ecotone); spatial segregation at micro-habitat

Gilbert et al. [10] and Chaves et al. [17]

Spatial heterogeneity promote coexistence by changing the scale at which competing species can coexist

An. bellator - An. cruzii

bromeliad (Figure 3b,c,e,g)

0.14 (0.05, 0.34)^b

< 0.001

Co-occurrence at landscape scale; spatial segregation at micro-habitat (e.g., bromeliads) and habitat scales

Juliano [11],[12]

Biotic interactions involving mosquito larvae are modulated by effects of context dependence across habitat gradients

Ae. scapularis - Ae. serratus

ephemeral ground pools (Figure 3a,d,f,l)

0.1 (0.02, 0.61)^b

= 0.013

Co-occurrence at landscape scale; spatial segregation at micro-habitat (e.g., ephemeral pools) and habitat scales

Juliano [11],[12]

Biotic interactions involving mosquito larvae are modulated by effects of context dependence across habitat gradients